Tag Archives: sheet mulch

Original status

We moved into our new home in part because the back yard offered a clean slate for gardening. Our hope is to build a pollinator garden, friendly to native insects and birds. We hope to use primarily native plants. The yard does come with some non-natives that we will leave in place.

However, the back yards were a mess! Weeds in the lawns and growing up the fences. Rogue trees and some that are okay but need trimming.

As you can see, the weeds have taken over the entire back yard and the plants have not been kept well.

We started by hiring a crew to top the arbor vita hedge. This is the western side of the back yard.

The tops of the individual trees were 20 feet tall at least, and many of them had been bent by winter storms of unusual force the past 2 winters (2018 and 2019.) Some were leaning into the corner of the house and pulling down the gutter.

It looks great now from the back yard but the other side, the view from the street, looks dead. In looking at other homes in the area, I see some folks solve this by interplanting.

What fun! I can think of several things that would do well this way! Climbing roses, barberry in different hues, vines…I only have 50 feet to work with!

The hedge looks much better, but a lot of work remains to be done on this side of the yard!

There was an old metal shed on a cement pad in the back. John carefully dismantled the entire shed by himself. Fortunately for us, it was mostly empty. He was able to recycle the metal pieces by listing them on CraigsList and moving them to the side yard, where some enterprising person with a pickup truck came and got them.

This is the opposite end of the yard, along the east edge of the property. My neighbor next door told me that all that mint started from a 4″ pot of it that she bought years ago!

I left it to grow through summer, because we were not going to plant anything there yet. Indeed we could not! It was as hard as fired clay! Plus the bees absolutely loved it. They were all over it all day long every day. Since we had cut down many of the other weeds — dandelions in the lawns — I left something for the pollinators. After all this is meant to ultimately be a pollinator garden.

I salvaged the gladioli and canna lily seen along the fence. The glads went into the hummingbird garden and the canna is in the front yard. It now marks the corner of the driveway so I can see it when I back out my car.

My first day out cutting was after the wildfires abated, September 18. Prior to that date, we had 10 days of hazardous level air quality during which almost no one worked outside. After rain cleared the air, I started cutting down mint by hand.

I knew there might be a few surprises so I wanted to cut by hand first. And I was not disappointed. There is a row of stumps along the fence. This was orchard before 1966, when the houses were built. We keep finding stumps everywhere in the yard.

By the end of October, we have cleared the entire fenceline. There are some roses growing in the plot and we are considering it for a rose garden. We have an assortment of roses and are being given more.

John did much of this work using the string trimmer. I did a fair amount of hand cutting where the trimmer could not quite cut. Also I cut the ubiquitous blackberry by hand. Blackberry is invasive here.

There is one pretty maple along the fence, a multi-stemmed too-large nectarine, and a lovely walnut tree. The maple may have to do, being right on the line, and the nectarine may go with it. The walnut is very pretty and that can stay.

Currently one area is now under sheet mulch. We laid down cardboard and piled leaves on top. It will break down over winter and leave us a nicer ground for planting.

Our plan for the entire garden on all sides of the yard is to sheet mulch it. We are sourcing leaves from neighbors and friends now but soon the county supply will be available. It is easy and fun to do, even scalping the weeds. We have some 900 square feet of potential sheet mulching to do. Fall leaves, fall!

Next, a description of the herb and hummingbird beds that we built.

You dig? I don’t!

Sheet Mulch Front Yard

Sheet Mulch Front Yard, 2008

The first place I sheet mulched was this segment of my front yard.  Underneath the straw were layers of leaves, coffee grounds, goat manure, and cardboard, from top to bottom.

The whole point of a sheet mulch is to avoid digging up the yard.  Digging and roto-tilling seem to be a way of life here in the US, and indeed throughout much of the cultivated world.  For a small parcel such as the one on which I live, and for a person with my physical limitations, digging the whole yard is not an option.  I choose not to have gasoline engines in my garage, also a condition of my physical limitations.

I learned how to sheet mulch at a private demonstration in Eugene in the spring of 2008.   I followed up with a class in Sustainable Landscape at the OSU Extension in December, 2008, before becoming a Master Gardener of Lane County in 2009.

First Sustainable Landscape Sign in Springfield
First Sustainable Landscape Sign in Springfield

I planted directly into this mulch the following spring.  My first experiment was an edible garden, but the spot is too hot and dry for that.  So I altered the landscape a bit, putting in some shade, and some plants that can take the heat.  Instead of the rock-hard clay that was there when I started,  sheet mulch yields nice soft loamy soil.  That is easy to plant in.

My yard is the first yard in Springfield, Oregon, to be awarded the Sustainable Landscape sign.  This is a program that is taught through the Lane County Extension.

Sustainable Landscape is an easy way to create a garden that does not require as much constant care as a garden of annual flowers and grass, once it is established.  The use of native plants, plants that are oriented to the existing conditions of the space, and mulch to keep weeds out and water evaporation from the soil in summer are some basic principles of Sustainable Landscape.

Front Yard, First Sheet Mulched Segment
Front Yard, First Sheet Mulched Segment

Today, this is what this yard segment looks like.  The apple tree is a Winesap apple grafted onto semi-dwarf rootstock, which I planted in 2009 in this location, and which bore beautiful apples in 2012.

Soapwort, columbine, black-eyed susan, Vitex, cactus, snowberry, rock rose, and a few surprises are growing in this area now.  It remains a work in progress.  The cold snap in December 2013 and the ice storm in February 2014 eliminated some of the plants that cannot tolerate such cold.

Yippee!  I get to put in some new plants!  And you can bet that I won’t have to do a lot of digging.  Dig?  😉

Sheet Mulch Demo

DSCN5470

Expansion of the sheet mulch area,  which shows how to start.

First, save some plain corrugated cardboard boxes.  Newspapers will also serve, but they are more work to put down. Open up the cardboard and lay it flat on the ground. It helps if the ground foliage is mowed, even if it’s weeds.

Make sure the cardboard edges overlap onto the previous areas and each other, or weeds can — and will — poke through.  When thoroughly covered, the weeds become smothered.  Even though their roots remain, without leaves to nourish them, they will not be quite as strong.  Thus it is much easier to pull them.

This foundation, when covered thoroughly, will take about 6 months to break down.

For my second layer, I use coffee grounds.

I have also used goat manure, grass clippings, wilted plant trimmings.

For this area, I will collect leaves from the city leaf piles, and top with grass clippings when our lawn is mowed. Pile the leaves at least a foot deep. I have leaf piles available where I live, so I can do this in spring. Folks without leaves available all year will have to wait until fall.

That’s it for the sheet mulch demo!

 

From the ground up, with coffee

Sheet mulch covers a compacted area.
Sheet mulch covers a compacted area.

Last year (2013) five garden beds that I had built were smooshed into the ground by a 5-ton tractor.  We had to repair sewer lines from the house to the city line.  They were 60 years old and made of cardboard, if you can imagine that.  Orangeburg.

So the yard was dug up for the second time in 3 years, the new line put in — hooray! — and the soil so compacted that a shovel could not penetrate it.  I had great loamy soil there before. . .  😦

My husband and I took fence slabs from the previous (city) project, cut them up with a used Skilsaw, which had fortuitously been purchased at a neighbor’s yard sale.  We built raised beds that will probably fall apart in another year or two.  But that’s okay. . .

A truckload of soil filled those beds and wonderful vegetables grew there, which fed us much of the summer.  The rest went into the freezer.  It’s been wonderful to shop from my freezer all winter!

This year I am left with the still compacted section of the yard.  It went to weeds last year.  I am now putting down cardboard and covering it with coffee grounds.  I pick them up every week or so from a local coffee shop.  They are organically grown coffee beans, which makes me smile.

However, as the sole gardener, I am overwhelmed.  My most recent birthday was my 60th.  I have had ME / CFS for 25 years.  My strength is limited.  So is my energy.  What to do with this section of yard?

The spirit of place is guiding me to make it a refuge in summer.  It will be planted with native plants, and there is already an apple tree there.  Perhaps a comfortable bench at some point.

Right now, the area is still lots of weeds but also sheet mulch:  cardboard / newspaper, coffee grounds, leaves, grass clippings.

It’s a great project for the little old lady that I am becoming.

Echinacea purpurea.
Echinacea planted from United Plant Saver seeds given me by my daughter.

Oh, did I forget to mention the red-twig dogwood?  the echinacea?  the comfrey that is flowering?  silly me. . . 🙂

Echinacea planted from seed last year — after the backhoe left.

Red twig dogwood, Cornus sericea
Red twig dogwood, aka Osier dogwood

Red twig dogwood, with blooms.